Clinical Outcomes and Complications of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: A Retrospective Study from a TertiaryCare Center in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a crucial interventional procedure for diagnosing and treating pancreatobiliary disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the indications, outcomes, and complications of ERCP in a tertiary care center in Bangladesh.

Materials and Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study conducted in the Chittagong Medical College, Cottogram, Bangladesh. A total of 86 patients who underwent ERCP between January 2024 to January 2025 were included in this study.

Results: The study included 86 patients who underwent ERCP between January 2024 and January 2025. The median age was 45.5 years, with an equal gender distribution. Most patients were from rural areas (72.1%) and belonged to the lower socioeconomic class (67.4%). The most common indications for ERCP were choledocholithiasis (39.5%) and obstructive jaundice secondary to choledocholithiasis (27.9%). Complications were observed in 26.7% of patients, with post-ERCP pancreatitis being the most frequent (11.6%). Complete stone extraction was achieved in 36.6% of cases, while partial extraction and failure occurred in 31.7% each. The wire-guided technique was the most commonly used cannulation maneuver (66.3%). Cannulation was achieved within 10 minutes in 84.9% of cases. The balloon sweep was the most frequently employed extraction method (61.6%).

Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of ERCP in managing biliary and pancreatic diseases, particularly in resource-limited settings. While the procedure remains effective and safe, efforts to improve complete stone extraction rates and minimize complications are warranted. Further training, better equipment, and enhanced peri-procedural care may improve patient outcomes.